How to Draw a Tree| Start with Structure and Simplify Leaves

This article introduces three key steps for drawing trees. By practicing simple lines for the trunk and branches.

Sharing Some Common Questions from Class About Landscape Drawing — How to Sketch Tree
Here’s a breakdown of how I approach drawing trees and leaves, along with step-by-step demonstrations you can follow.

Understanding the Overall Contour and Proportions of a Tree

Start by simplifying the tree’s shape. Use silhouette outlines to classify different forms — tall and narrow, oval, umbrella-shaped, or inverted triangle.

When sketching trees, pay attention to the overall shape variation and simplify overly complex edges into unified masses. In the demo below, you’ll see how I merged shadow areas into larger blocks.

High-Latitude Fir Trees:Tree shape is typically triangular with a pointed top.
Squinting your eyes helps you focus on the overall silhouette and large shapes of the tree.
Simplify internal leaf details and focus on designing varied overall shapes.

● Basic Structure of Branches and Trunks:

Breaking Down the “Trunk Structure”: Trunk → Main Branch → Smaller Branches

  • A tree trunk is not a straight line — it has natural curves and varying thickness.

In real life, tree trunks rarely look like perfectly straight lines.

You’ll often find uneven contours and subtle bulges.

  • Sketch the main trunk → major branches → secondary branches in one flow.

This helps you better control thickness. (If you’re experienced, starting from branch tips is fine too.)

Add segmented variations to enrich the structure of the trunk.
The main trunk is thicker, gradually tapering as it branches out. These lines help define the tree’s overall form.
  • The tree trunk is usually a modified cylinder with an elliptical cross-section.
  • It varies from thick to thin, straight to curved, and has direction and flow.
  • Branching points often twist and form “Y-shaped” structures.

Practice Tip:

  • Shade the shadowed side to enhance cylindrical volume.
  • Practice the flowing motion of tree branches — from thick to thin.
  • Use linework to simulate fiber textures and bark directionality.

● Simplification and Arrangement of Leaves:

Think of leaf clusters as large, medium, and small groups. Break them into light and shadow sides. Complex shapes can be merged into simplified blocks.

The leaves may look like individual pieces at first glance, but it's recommended to organize them into solid mass groupings, especially focusing on the shadowed areas.
Leaves are clustered at the top, arranged in a feather-like (pinnate) pattern.

Palm Tree Leaf Structure

  • Each leaf is long, with a clear central vein, fanning out like a feather or broom.
  • The leaves arch and droop, with thin and flexible stems.
  • Overall, they radiate outward in a fan-like pattern.

Leaves and Light–Dark Layers

  • Think of leaf clusters as mass blocks, not individual leaves.
  • Typically three value zones: highlight, midtone, shadow.
  • Avoid messy, flat lines — overlapping and backlighting create a strong sense of form and space.

Practice Tip:

  • Observe backlit vs front-lit leaf clusters. Simplify them into large shadow and light zones.
  • Use curved lines to indicate leaf direction, enhancing blocky feeling.

●How to Add Leaf Texture with Stroke Layers

Divide leaf masses into light and dark zones. Add directional strokes in three layers:

●How to Draw Leaf Cluster Variations?

When drawing leaves, pay attention to the rise and fall of the clusters, highlighting the concave and convex areas.

Check the tree sketch demo below — note how I vary spacing and avoid repeating the same shapes or sizes. Overly repetitive forms remove the “natural variation” effect.

Shading the Tree with Atmosphere

  • Understand the light source (top/side/backlight) to define the mood of the scene.
  • Background and ground cast shadows help make the tree feel three-dimensional.
  • Nearer areas (foreground) are usually more crisp and detailed, while distant areas (background) fade in value and detail — known as atmospheric perspective.

Practice Tip:

  • Complete 1–2 small studies, starting from simplified silhouettes to textural shading.
  • Try different pencil grades (HB/2B/4B) to explore rough vs soft textures.

I hope this step-by-step guide helps you better understand how to sketch trees. If there’s a subject you’d like to see next or a drawing technique you’re curious about, feel free to leave a comment or message me on Instagram. Happy drawing!

If you're interested in learning to draw but don't know where to start, or if you'd like to understand the knowledge behind drawing,

feel free to join my LINE and contact me. In my classes, I organize drawing methods in a clear and structured way.

Click here to learn more about my drawing courses!

Want to explore more articles on extended drawing techniques?

Easy Landscape Drawing: A Beginner’s Guide to Watercolor

How to Master the Proportions,Shape, and Symmetry of a Teapot

Three Easy Steps to Drawing a Stuffed Duck with a Pencil

Boots Sketch Tutorial: Learn Proportions and Structural Lines

Sketching Class Fishing Boat Drawing Techniques


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Han
Han

Chiu Po-Han - drawing instructor | Art studio teacher | Independent contractor |

Work Experience:
2017-2022: Taught at Paniel Art Studio for five years
2023-2025 Instructor at Htoh Art Studio
2023: External Art Teacher at Feng Xin High School Art Class

About Me: I specialize in guiding students to develop their interest in learning fundamental drawing and watercolor techniques. I also assist students in successfully applying to art and design schools.

I firmly believe that through the process of creating art, students can learn the logical steps of drawing, refine their techniques, and cultivate perseverance. Drawing is not just a skill but an enriching and worthwhile investment of one's time and energy.